1 Past Continuous Tense Diposting oleh indra hari mukti | di 09.54

The formula for the Past Continuous or Past Progressive Tense is:

Subject + (Was / Were) + (Verb1 + ing) + Object + Modifier

Example:

1. Bali Teak Farmers in rice crops were growing at 9 am yesterday. (The farmers in Bali Jati rice planting 9 am yesterday).
2. Some students were conducting research on plant vegetative propagations when I went to the Agronomy laboratory two days ago. (Some students are doing research on vegetative propagation of plants when I went to the lab. Agronmy two days ago).
3. Transpiration was starting to increase at 8 a.m. this morning. (Transpiration is beginning to increase at 8 this morning).

Use of Past Continuous Tense

1. Past Continuous Tense is used to denote events that are happening at a specific time in the past. In this case, the specification of time, usually expressed in hours (ie what time it happened).

Example:

1. My daughter was watching TV at eight o'clock last night. (My son was watching TV at 8 last night).
2. She was copying the materials at 10 o'clock this morning. (He was photocopied materials at 10 this morning).
3. I was discussing with my classmates Home at 2 pm last Friday. (I was discussing the English language with my friends my class 2 hours Friday afternoon before).
4. I was being busy at 8 o'clock yesterday morning. (I'm busy at 8 am yesterday).
5. They were being very happy at 9 o'clock last Saturday night. (They're very happy hour 9 nights last week).

2. Past Continuous Tense is used to denote activities that are happening or in progress in the past, is interrupted by other events. In this case, the formula is as follows:

Subject1 + when + simple past tense, past continuous + subject2

Subject1 + past continuous + when + subject2 + simple past tense

Note: Genesis / activities that interrupt expressed in past tense and serves as a description of time. If placed at the beginning of the sentence, insert a comma before the main clause.

Example:

1. When I came home, my daughter was watching TV. (When I got home, my daughter was watching TV).
2. When I called him last night, he was playing cards with his friends. (When I call him last night, he was playing cards with his friends).
3. When she screamed for help, we were chitchatting. (When she screamed for help, we're talking).
4. When someone broke into our house, we were sleeping. (Ktika someone enter / steal into our house, we're sleeping).
5. I held my breath when somebody was Behaving suspiciously in my backyard. (I held my breath when someone is behaving suspiciously in the back of my house).

3. Past Continuous Tense is also used to express the two events that occurred at the same time in the past. In this case, the following formula is usually used.

Subject1 + while + past continuous, past continuous + subject2

Subject1 + past continuous + while + past continuous + subject2

Example:

1. While I was typing this note, my family was watching TV in the family room. (While I'm typing this note, my family was watching TV in the living room).
2. While the president was giving his speech, the audience was listening to him carefully. (While the president's speech, viewers / audience was listening carefully).
3. Male students were playing around while female ones were chitchatting. (Disciples of men playing while female students are talking).
4. My roommate was snoring loudly while I was studying. (My roommate was snoring loudly while I was studying).
5. We were smoking while we were drinking. (We're smoking while we were drinking).

Negative Form for Past Continuous Tense

Negative form of the sentences in Past Continuous Tense is made by adding 'not' after several were / was, as seen in the following formula:

Subject + (was / were) + not + (verb1 + ing) + object + modifier

Example:

1. My daughter was not watching TV at eight o'clock last night. (My son was not watching TV at 8 last night).
2. She was not copying the materials at 10 o'clock this morning. (He was not being photocopied materials at 10 this morning).
3. I was not discussing Indonesia with my classmates at 2 pm last Friday. (I am not discussing English with my friends my class 2 hours Friday afternoon before).
4. I was not being busy at 8 o'clock yesterday morning. (I'm not busy at 8 am yesterday).
5. They were not being very happy at 9 o'clock last Saturday night. (They're not very happy at 9 pm last week).
6. When I came home, my daughter was not watching TV. (When I got home, my daughter was not watching TV).
7. When I called him last night, he was not playing cards with his friends. (When I call him last night, he was not playing cards with his friends).
8. When she screamed for help, we were not chitchatting. (When she screamed for help, we're talking).
9. Someone broke into our house when we were not sleeping. (Someone enter / steal into our house when we were not sleeping).
10. I breathed well when somebody was not Behaving suspiciously in my backyard. (I breathed relief when someone does not behave suspiciously behind my house).
11. While I was not typing this note, we were watching TV in the family room. (While I'm typing this note, we were watching TV in the living room).
12. While the president was giving his speech, the audience was not listening to him carefully. (While the president's speech, viewers / audience was not listening closely).
13. Male students were not playing around while female ones were chitchatting. (Disciples of men are not playing while female students are talking).
14. My roommate was not snoring loudly while I was studying. (My roommate was not snoring loudly while I was studying).
15. We were not smoking while we were not drinking. (We're not smoking while we were not drinking).

Note: NOT can be contracted with in front of him became: was not and weren't. However, the use of contractions is considered slightly less formal.
Yes / No Questions for Past Continuous Tense

Form of Yes / No Questions for Past Continuous Tense follow the following formula:

(Was / were) + subject + (verb1 + ing) + object + modifier?

Example:

1. Was your daughter watching TV at eight o'clock last night? (Do putrid you're watching TV at 8 last night?).
2. Was she copying the materials at 10 o'clock this morning? (Is he being photocopied materials at 10 this morning?).
3. Were you discussing Home with your classmates at 2 pm last Friday? (What you were discussing the English language with your class friends at 2 pm on Friday?).
4. Were you being busy at 8 o'clock yesterday morning? (Are you busy at 8 AM yesterday?).
5. Were they being very happy at 9 o'clock last Saturday night? (Whether they were very happy at 9 nights last week?). And so on.

Modifier of time for the Past Continuous Tense

From the examples above sentences we can see that the modifier of time (concerning time) for the sentences in the past continuous tense is the form advervial phrases, ie:

1. at + hours + last night / two days ago / yesterday morning, and so on. For example: at eight o'clock last night, at 10 this morning, and so on.
2. when + simple past tense. For example: when I came home, when I called him last night, and so on.
3. while + past continuous tense. For example: while I was typing this note, while we were drinking, and so on.

0 Simple Present Tense Diposting oleh indra hari mukti | di 09.48

Formula for Simple Present Tense is:
Verb1 + Subject + Object + Modifier

Note: if the subject followed by the adjective or noun, used to be: is / am / are. Is used if its subject is singular he, she, it and the noun can be replaced with the subject pronoun he, she or it; Am if the subject was I; Meanwhile, if you are his subject-you, they, or we. Subject pronoun I, you, they, we, and the noun which can be replaced with I, you, they or we called a plural subject.

Example:

1. Farmers in Teak Bali grow rice crops twice a year. (The farmers in Bali Jati rice planting twice a year).
2. Some students usually conduct research on plant vegetative propagations. (Some students are doing research on plant vegetative propagation).
3. Transpiration starts to increase at 8 a.m. (Transpiration started to increase at 8 am).

Note: In examples 1 and 2 used the plural verb because the subject was plural, while the third example is singular verb [verb1 + (s or es)] because it was preceded by a singular subject.

Whenever verb1 added the letter s, and when added to the letter so that ice becomes singular verb is correct? Almost all the singular verb is formed by adding the letter s at the end verb1 (ie Verb1 + s). However, given the number of verb very much, then that needs to be understood / memorized now is when we have to add ice. Its requirements is that if verb1 ending with the letter "o, x, ch, y, th, s, and sh" then Verb1 + ice.

Example:
Verb1

Verb1 + ice

Meaning
go
do
box
watch
pinch
punch
study
cry
fly
try
press
pass
smash
brush
bath
sooth
wash

goes
does
boxes
watches
Pinches
punches
studies
cries
flies
tries
presses
passes
Smashes
Brushes
bathes
soothes
washes

go
do / do
boxing
watch
pinch
hit
learn
cry
fly
try
pressing, tindis
pass, pass
hit
brush
bath
calm
wash

Note:

* The letter 'y' is preceded by a consonant changed to 'i' (See: studies, tries, cries).
* Verb have (had) changed into irregularly has.

The next question is when the simple present tense is used?

Simple present tense is used:

1. to declare the events that occur on a regular basis (regular happening).

Example:

1. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (The sun rises in the east and sinks in the west).
2. The full moon comes every 30 days. (Purnama come every 30 days).
3. The planet earth takes 365 days to rotate the sun. (Planet Earth takes 365 days to orbit the sun).

2. to express habits conducted by the subject line (habitual action); The habits are still going on until now and (probably) will continue into the future (future).

Example:

1. My son always goes to school on foot. (My son always went to school on foot).
2. Mr. Bain usually plays badminton every Sunday morning but he did not show up last Sunday. (Mr Bain usually play badminton every week in the morning but he did not appear (not playing) last Sunday).
3. Mr. Budi always drives a car to the office. (Mr. Budi always drive to work).

3. To state the arguments or theories that have recognized the truth.

Example:

1. The prices of goods always buy the good when the drop in market availabilities. (The prices of goods are always rises when the market declined ketersedianya).
2. Solar radiation is required during photosynthesis. (Solar radiation is required during the process of photosynthesis).
3. Twenty-five devided by five is equal to five. (25 divided by 5 equals 5).

4. To express / express a state or condition of someone or something in the present (when expressed). Verbs for expressing this one or something related to the process / state in the brain, associated with feelings associated with the five senses, and related to the ownership. Verbs like this are collectively called the Stative Verbs. These verbs often we use or hear in everyday life. So, pay attention and memorize verbs in the following table!
Associated with the process / situation in the brain
know (know)
believe (believe)
understand (understand / understood)
imagine (imagine)
think (thought / think / guess)
recognize (recognize)

doubt (doubt)
need (need / needs)
prefer (preferred)
the mean (mean)
forget (forget / forgot)
remember (remember / recall)
Associated with feelings
hate (hate)
love (love)

like (love)
want (want / wants)

Associated with sensory
hear (hear)
see (see)
smell (smell / smell)
appear (emerge)

sound (sound)
look (see / look)
seem (seem)
taste (feel / felt)
Associated with ownership
have (has)
own (have)

possess (a)
belong (belong)

Note: Stative verbs are passive and not used in continuous tenses. However, some Stative verbs can also be active, meaning a little different with Stative verbs, and in this case, can be used in continuous tenses. The difference is the use of passive verbs active and is discussed in more detail on the topic Simple present tense vs. present continuous tense.

Example:

1. I think I know him. (I thought / think I know him).
2. I understand Indonesia better now. (I understand the English language better now).
3. I love you very much. (I really love you).
4. The song sounds good but I can not catch every single word in it. (The song sounded sweet but I can not catch a word of that song).
5. The snack tastes so delicious. (Snacks was so delicious).
6. I believe you. (I believe you).
7. The tragic accident sometimes appears in my mind. (Tragic accidents that sometimes occur to me).
8. She has two dogs and one cat. (She has two dogs and one cat), etc.

5. To express the fact that there is now. The emphasis is more on the facts, not on the process that is often used fakta.Verb here include: consist of, contain, include, exist, the cost, some (ie: is, am, and are, or if you follow some auxiliary capital) .

Example:

1. She weighs more than 100 kg. She is very fat. (He weighed over 100 pounds. He was very fat).
2. I want to buy these shoes. How much do they cost? (I want to buy these shoes. How much?).
3. Cigarettes contain a lot of nicotine and other harmful substances. (Cigarette smoke contains many substances, nicotine and other harmful substances).

6. To make a request (demand / ask for help) and command (command).

Example:

1. May I borrow your pen, please? (Can I borrow pulpenmu?).
2. Make teams that consist of 5 people each! (Make teams, each consisting of 5 persons).

Note: In the simple present tense, often used adverb such as: always (always), often (often), usually (usually), sometimes (sometimes), seldom (rarely), never (never). Adverbs are usually placed between the subject and verb. But if the phrase used to be, adverb is placed after some (See example 4). Although inserted adverb, verb forms do not change. That is, if its singular subject (third person singular), verbnya remains singular (See example 5). In addition to adverbs, simple present tense is often inserted as Auxiliary capital can (could), may (may, might), and must (must). (See example 6). And remember, use a plural verb after the capital Auxiliary. Singular verb is never used after the auxiliary capital (See example 7). Auxiliary use of capital will be discussed specifically in the next post.

Example:

1. I usually watch Hollywood movies to maintain my Home proficiency. (I usually watch Hollywood movies to maintain my English skills).
2. They always arrive on time. (They always arrive on time).
3. My children sometimes go to Kuta Beach to practice their Bahasa. (My children sometimes go to Kuta beach to practice the language Ingggrisnya).
4. He is never late. (He was never late).
5. Because he seldom studies hard, he seldom gets good results. (Because he rarely studied hard, he rarely get good grades).
6. Can I go now? No, you can not. You must stay here until we finish doing our homework. (Can I go now? No. You have to stay here until we finish our homework).
7. He must go to see a doctor now. (He had to go to the doctor now).

Negative Form

Negative form of the sentence in the Simple Present Tense is made by adding the word aids 'do' or 'does' (depending on the subject line) and not, as shown in the following formula,
Subject + (does / do) + not + Verb1 + Object + Modifier

Note: a) If the positive sentences using singular verb (ie verb1 + s / es), use the word before does not help and do not forget to turn it into singgular verb verb1. Does not be abbreviated does and do not be abbreviated to do. b) If the sentence be positive uses (ie is, am or acres), the word help do or does not need. Needs to be done here is simply insert a note after several, each of which can be abbreviated to is not / are not. Contraction of am + not is Is not, but do not use contractions in written / formal conversation because it is not formal.

Example:

1. The sun does not rise in the west and does not set in the east. (The sun does not rise in the west and not drowned in the east).
2. The full moon does not come every 15 days. (Purnama not come every 15 days).
3. The planet earth does not take 400 days to rotate the sun. (Planet Earth does not need 400 days to orbit the sun).
4. My son does not always go to school on foot. (My son does not always go to school on foot).
5. Mr. Bain does not always play badminton every Sunday morning. (Mr Bain does not always play badminton every week in the morning).
6. Mr. The mind does not always drive a car to the office. (Mr. Budi not always take the car to the office).
7. I do not believe you. (I do not believe you).
8. I do not understand Bahasa better now. (I do not understand English better now).
9. The song does not sound good but I can catch every single word in it. (The song did not sound nice but I can catch every word in the song).
10. The snack does not taste good. (Snacks do not taste good).
11. I do not love you very much. (I do not really love you).
12. I do not always watch Hollywood movies to maintain my Home proficiency. (I do not always watch Hollywood movies to maintain my English skills).
13. My children do not always practice their Bahasa every Saturday night. (My kids do not always practice the language Ingggrisnya every Saturday night).
14. He is never late. (He was never late).
15. Although he does not always study hard, always he gets good results. (Although he did not always studied hard, he's always got good grades).

Yes / No Questions

Yes / No Questions for Simple Present Tense is made by placing the word help does / do or be is / am / are before the subject. Consider the following formula:
Does / Do + Verb1 + Subject + Object + Modifier?

Example:

1. Do farmers in Teak Bali grow rice crops twice a year? (Are the farmers in Bali Jati rice planting twice a year?).
2. Do some students usually conduct research on plant vegetative propagations? (Are some students are doing research on vegetative propagation of plants?).
3. Transpiration does start to increase at 8 a.m? (Does transpiration began to increase at 8 am?).

The pattern above for positive yes / no questions. How to create a negative yes / no questions, tag questions, information questions, and embedded questions are detailed in the topic How to Address Questions.

0 WORD ORDER Diposting oleh indra hari mukti | di 09.45

Word order or sequential order word is a way to construct words - words in the order or arrangement of the right and correct. The discussion in this series include grammar adverbs (adverb) in a sequential order of sentences and words in the phrase object (Noun Phrase).

A. Description (Adverbs)
Adverb placement principles in the following sentence:
First 1.Prinsip:
Formula:
First verb + Frequency + main job (the first verb should not exist)
* Frequency = always, sometimes, often, ever, seldom, etc
Example:
She never neglects her assignment.
He has often visited her sick uncle.
2. Second Principle (When complete in the back of the main working frequency +)
Formula:
Degrees + Rich described (abbreviated = DEKAJAL)
Degrees = too, very, only, rather, fairly, etc
Example:
The water is too cold to swim.

Nb. Only to be associated with a Verb is a noun.


Third 3.Prinsip (when fully put behind DEKAJAL)
Formula:
Manner + Place + Time
Manner = Adjective + ly * examples: quickly, slowly. Without-ly: hard, fast, late etc .*
Place = on the stage, in the room, under the table etc
Time = yesterday, tomorrow etc.
Example:
He sing a song beautifully on the stage everynight.

Nb. TIME Special may sentence the beginning and end.
Example:
Everynight he sing a song beautifully on the stage.

B. Phrases Benda (Noun phrase)
The principle object is to sort the phrase as follows:
The Uk Um Ben W A Bah
Si = nature: good, bad etc
Uk = Size: long, short etc
Um = Age
Ben = shape: round, triangle
W = Color
A = Origin
Bah = materials: iron, gold etc
Example:
A good old long yellow table ceramics Indonesia.

Nb. Besides the above phrase, there is also a participle phrase (verb + ing = Verb3 = active and passive)
Formula:
Adverb of manner + verb-ing/verb3 + noun
Example:
They wrote for the quickly growing publisher.
He studies in the slowly built school.